Find Natalie Merchants song Gold Rush Brides. Listen to it. Enjoy it Assignment

Discover Natalie Merchants melody Gold Rush Brides. Hear it out. Appreciate it. Peruse the Lyrics - Assignment Example The point that the melody makes in the line is that the Old American West offered numerous chances, yet the open doors came at a strong cost. The tune accentuates an extremely mind boggling reality in which the Wild West individuals lived. A condition loaded with catastrophe, difficulty, and hazard. In such circumstances, there were no glad endings yet individuals despite everything kept on pushing on through sheer coarseness. As per Barman, 2007, the prevailing social comprehension of the Wild West depicts the vision of a land that fit settlements and a basic setting of Indians versus cowhands. It shows that Americans Westerns diminished every one of their plots line to line. The West was for all reasons and plan an uncouth wild that came up short on the luxuries and the solace of the acculturated East. As the tune verses put it, the ladies in the West endured labor, the demise of their spouses, yellow fever, and even frenzy. In spite of the land out West being free, ladies needed to pay for it with their

Serial Killer Research

The Insanity Of Killers Serial homicide is a mental wrongdoing in numerous perspectives. It is an arranged, thoroughly considered activity. The violations themselves are regularly dedicated all together for the executioner to increase a feeling of intensity, control, and mastery. There must be mental wants as well as apparent needs that are in any case ailing in their life. Are sequential executioners crazy? Not by lawful gauges. The lawful meaning of craziness depends on the nineteenth century M’Naghten Rules: Does the guilty party comprehend the contrast among right and wrong?If he escapes or makes any endeavor to conceal the wrongdoing, at that point the wrongdoer isn't crazy, since his activities show that he comprehended that what he was doing wasn't right. However what individual in their correct psyche would filet small kids and compose letters to the guardians, praising over what a fine feast their youngster made? On account of Albert Fish, the jury discovered him â₠¬Å"insane, however he had the right beyond words. † A conventional meaning of lawful craziness initially was embraced in 1843 and is known as the M'Naghten test; its essential structure despite everything is utilized today.The test diagrams that the guard should obviously demonstrate that the blamed individual was so impeded mentally as to not comprehend that the wrongdoing wasn't right when the person submitted it. Most wrongdoing specialists accept that sequential executioners are not crazy and are completely mindful of their activities at the time that they submit murders. Also, sequential killers carry out a few violations, so it would follow that they ought to be demonstrated as crazy when arranging and perpetrating all the wrongdoings they're charged with.Some sequential executioners have been analyzed as mental cases, or individuals who act with complete negligence for the privileges of others; they can differentiate among good and bad, be that as it may, so maniacs are n't viewed as crazy. Society accepts that the craziness guard is utilized definitely more regularly than it really is and individuals accept that the protection is utilized as a strategy to keep away from discipline. Individuals see sequential executioners as unfeeling and question how they would ever carry out the violations that they do.Some think it is insensitive to executed an executioner, yet isn’t it much progressively coldhearted to slaughter the same number of individuals as that executioner did? One of the most unsurprising endeavors to move the fault is by making a detestable clouded side, or change sense of self. Creating a modify self image is an advantageous method to nail the blame to another, regardless of whether that other is inside. It's a mental variety of â€Å"the villain caused me to do it. † But insidious modify personalities are generally cumbersome developments that self-destruct under investigation. Best case scenario, a real part character c ould seek after a psychological organization rather than death row.But real cases are especially uncommon. The thought processes of sequential executioners can be set into five distinct classifications: visionary, minister, decadent, increase inspired, force and control. Visionary resembles having that little voice in your mind instructing you to accomplish something, so the executioner tunes in and even some of the time attempts to move the fault on to the voice and professing to be crazy. Purported teacher executioners accept that their demonstrations are supported on the premise that they are disposing of a particular sort of individual and in this manner doing society a favor.The epicurean sort slaughters for its sheer joy, in spite of the fact that what perspective they appreciate changes. This is the most well-known sort of sequential executioner portrayed in slasher and blood and gore flicks, suspenseful thrill rides, etc. Increase inspired, most lawbreakers who submit differ ent homicides for material finishes, (for example, Mafia hit men) are not classed as sequential executioners, since they are persuaded by monetary addition instead of psychopathological impulse. Force and control, their principle objective for killing is to pick up and apply control over their victim.Such executioners are some of the time manhandled as kids, leaving them with sentiments of weakness and insufficiency as grown-ups. They should be crazy, what typical individual could butcher another human, for its sheer delight? However the most chilling reality about sequential executioners is that they are normal and figuring. As the â€Å"British Jeffrey Dahmer† Dennis Nilsen put it, â€Å"a psyche can be underhanded without being unusual. † Serial Killer-Psychopathic or Psychotic Differences between the two. What is a sequential executioner? A sequential executioner is an individual who assaults and slaughters casualties individually in a progression of incidents.Some qualities of a sequential executioner is that they have at least three to four casualties, generally with a â€Å"cooling off period† in the middle. The executioner for the most part is probably going to deceive a more abnormal than they are to mislead somebody that they know. The sequential executioner has a vicious desire to overwhelm there casualties, they don't benefit, aside from mental fulfillment. The sequential executioner generally searches for casualties that are defenseless. Most of sequential executioners are white guys, in there late 20’s to mid 30’s, yet some have been known to be a great deal older.Serial executioners as a rule originate from lower to working class family foundations and they ordinarily have at any rate a normal knowledge. There are two sorts of sequential executioners, the maniacal and the insane person. The crazy sequential executioner is one who is legitimately crazy, they can't differentiate among good and bad, they may hear voices, see dreams and now and again may have fantasies preceding submitting the killings. â€Å"The child of Sam† otherwise known as David Berkowitz is an extraordinary case of a crazy sequential executioner. The second kind of sequential executioner is the psychopathic sequential killer.The psychopathic sequential executioner doesn't experience the ill effects of mind flights, they realize the contrast among good and bad, and are in contact with the real world, they simply couldn't care less what the are doing isn't right. Psychopathic sequential executioners need one significant quality and that will be that they don't have a still, small voice, or that there inner voice is too frail to even consider stopping the brutal conduct. A psychopathic sequential executioner doesn't feel any blame, nor are they sorry for there activities. There are various hypotheses regarding whether an individual is brought into the world with the inclination to slaughter; a few speculations prop ose that the insane person is a result of his/her environment.It is conceivable that it is a mix of both hereditary qualities anjd the person’s condition. The most noticeably awful piece of a psychopathic sequential executioner is his/her capacity to mix in with their condition. They will act ordinary, yet underneath there persona, lies two wild attributes; sexual variation from the norm and an expending requirement for power. The executing fulfills both a definitive power over life and passing. Just, slaughtering gives them delight, they will since they need to and on the grounds that they appreciate doing so.The just thing that prevents a sequential executioner from submitting these sorts of killings is it is possible that they are captured or they bite the dust. Works Cited Debswood, . â€Å"Serial Killer †Psychopathic or Psychotic. † Scienceray. 19 2008. Web. 2 Nov 2012. . Ward, Daniel. â€Å"The M'Naghten Rule: A Re-assessment. † Marquette Law Review. Marquette Law Scholarly Commons, n. d. Web. 4 Nov 2012. . Bardsley, Marilyn. â€Å"Albert Fish. † Trutv-Crime Library. A Time Warner Company. Web. 3 Nov 2012. . Sullivan, Andrew. â€Å"Mind of Madness. † Studymode. studymode. com, 27 2011. Web. 5 Nov 2012. .

Women of Power in Ancient Egypt essays

Ladies of Power in Ancient Egypt articles Old Egypt was a blend of military quality, strict unpredictability, and heavenly principle. Out of this mix of revered rulers and monetary flourishing come two of the most persuasive ladies ever. One was to turn into the pharaoh in a period where ladies were just local partners to dynamic lords. The other was to become associate and accomplice to the unconventional Akenhaten, during his monotheistic love of the sun god Amen in the town of Armarna. In spite of the fact that the two ladies were extremely conspicuous during their life time, each blurred into lack of definition after their demises because of the Egyptians common aversion of everything unusual. Just to be rediscovered and romanticized by Egyptologists during the late 1800s to mid 1900s. Nefertiti is normally alluded to as the delightful one and is constantly observed as an accomplice to her better half. Then again, Hatchepsut, the more persuasive and ground-breaking of the two, is known as the main Female Pharaoh to compl etely put on a good show including having a sovereign partner and spends her rule attempting to legitimize her political position. Nefertiti, brought into the world an individual from Egypts tip top, was hitched as a little youngster to [Ahkenaten]... By the age of 30 she had borne at any rate 6 kids and had changed herself into a semi-divine being (Nefertiti 3). She was coy in the early long stretches of Ahkenatens rule, and was depicted as the supporting spouse and ally to Ahkenaten, as she tranquilly sat behind him in a great part of the tomb reliefs from this timeframe. She consistently expanded in notoriety to turn into the female commendation to Ahkenatens position as the Beautiful Child of the Disk (Nefertiti 76) and her position turned out to be firmly associated as an image for fruitfulness. In spite of the fact that she is never depicted as pharaoh, she consistently kept on taking care of progressively significant obligations as the rule of Ahkenaten advanced. These included strict functions (previousl... <!

Whatever They Told You About Essay Writing Topics for Grade 5 Is Dead Wrong...And Heres Why

Whatever They Told You About Essay Writing Topics for Grade 5 Is Dead Wrong...And Here's Why Choosing our service, you will realize that studying can be simple if you gain from the aid of competent experts. Such a project may also be called a regrade. It's effectively a means of comparing students. It's possible for you to observe grades for all your courses or one course at one time. Worksheets that can't be personalized can still supply an abundance of resource suggestions for worksheet and practice sheet design and creation. Imagine the attribute of writing you'll receive from an inexpensive essay writing service. There are a lot of fresh ideas for worksheets and lesson plans available on the internet and in homeschooling groups that there's no need to shun the usage of these viable reading tools. When you're taking the quiz try to keep in mind the answers. Start the upsell with a succinct benefit, then if it's possible to do so add something unique of what you're selling. So long as the games which you use are especially created for second graders, they could effect a huge quantity of difference for your son or daughter. Taking regular exercise is so critical, and I know its probably the very last thing on your head at the present time, simply do it any way, it will really assist you, so just do it even when you don't feel like it. Keep in mind, the ta rget is to find the kids to the point which they are employing the speed reading skill independently, naturally. You are going to be amazed at the results. Inside my experience, the older kids and grownups must put more effort into it so as to find similar outcomes, and you would probably gain from receiving a copy of SPEED READING 4 KIDS to assist you. With a simple step-by-step reading application, you too, can teach your kid to read at a young age and help your son or daughter achieve superb reading abilities. A child who's fascinated with sports can be given with sports-related worksheets. For most businesses, somewhat expert training can produce a huge difference. Assessments can be categorized in many various ways. They can also be done on pieces of legislation. Learning under these conditions enables you to relax and literally imprints the information directly into your head for effortless retrieval. Many in-service teachers aren't knowledgeable in the fundamental concepts of the English language. Although some children have a natural aptitude for math and display a lot of confidence with it during the class of frequent school instruction, others need a small assistance. Because most children with dyslexia and ADD are extremely right-brain dominant, they frequently do extremely nicely with speed reading. Then you leave the class with a fairly excellent comprehension of the topic. When you briefly read the training course material before your class, it is possible to become familiarized with the concepts. Try a few of these topics. Attempt to develop the topic fully and go over all the absolute most important questions. Steroids are rather effective at treating allergy symptoms but has to be taken daily to prove their advantage. Plus many allergy medications can have side effects, so be certain to confirm the label before buying it. Furthermore, surgery might be needed to get rid of a massive tumor. Not every treatment will do the job for everybody. You will also want to have an established reputable business. Our customer support will gladly tell you whether there are any special offers at the present time, in addition to make sure you are getting the very best service our business can deliver. Because it's done after the customer has opted to go ahead with a significant buy, the difficult portion of the sales conversation is already done. A Real Estate company unlike any other centered on the mission of constructing a network of career-minded pros who strive to cultivate their organization and their future. Top Essay Writing Topics for Grade 5 Secrets Acoustic Speakers Coming Alive Acoustic speakers are thought to be the most effective audio high quality output device which makes you believe you're listening to live music and forget your music is coming from computer. Fever is marked by means of an increase in the body temperature that exceeds the standard body temperature range. For instance, the steel industry average states an individual should be in a position to straighten 10 tons of steel an hour. Grade V Generally, you might require more than 3000 hair grafts and thus the cost would be raised accordingly! A number of bucks won't help you wind up with a good paper.

An analysis of event sponsorship Free Essay Example, 1500 words

Event management has developed to be a major trade. Due to the size, scope and complexity of events, the services of event manages are required. Although the main role of an event management is to plan and coordinate an event, they also manage the commercial aspect of the event. For an event to be successful, funding is required. Sponsorship is the main source of funding for an event. Before sponsorship, both the event manager and sponsors evaluate the benefits to be derived from the sponsorship. Despite this, it is the responsibility of the event manager to ensure harmonious sponsorship. The sponsorship should take into consideration the continuous funding of the event and the value and goals that should be met. Commercialisations of events have led to the compromise of values in event managements and have led to failure in some events. The project proposal aims at evaluating the challenges faced by event managers in handling sponsorship. It also aims at coming up with better strat egies to improve sponsorship. Event management: Finance and Marketing: Event Sponsorship Working Topic: An analysis of event sponsorship Rationale for the study Case Event management is a task that has a long history. We will write a custom essay sample on An analysis of event sponsorship or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now Today, various events are held. The events range from games, festivals, concerts, meetings to political rallies. Up to these days, events remain an important part of people’s culture and help social development of people. For their success, these events need to be managed. In managing events, sponsorship is very important. It should be noted that managing events is expensive and needs funds. Sponsorship of an event is not just as way of raising funds for the events, but it also entails marketing. The finding of sponsors, choice of sponsors and managing marketing and commercials should be an integral part of event management. Management problem Sponsors are important in event management. Good management of sponsors is lacking in event management. It should be noted that events are very important elements to people’s culture. A successful event should send the required message or meet the desired goals (Allen, Bowdin, 2006, pp123). It should be noted that there are different categories of sponsors. Some sponsors are not motivated by business while others are motivated by business and aim at marketing their products. In managing sponsors, some event management conflict over the amount allocated to a certain sponsor and the recognition of the sponsor as a sponsor to an event.

Should Electronic Games Be Professional Sports - 1300 Words

ESports Andrew Whelan Period 3 2/10/15 Dr. Rascher ESports are true sports. They take hours upon hours of practice every day just like any physical sport, if the gamers want to be the best. In five years the game League of Legends (LOL) has seen 32 million people play daily. The sporting events have prize pools totaling millions of dollars. ESport events can have tens of millions of people viewing them. Governments all around the world are treating these sports the same way they do physical sports. Electronic games can be professional sports. For a team in any sport to become the best they must dedicate themselves to it. If you look at college football teams they spend about 40 to 50 hours practicing a week during the season. The same goes for professional gamers, the professional gaming franchise TSM or Team SoloMid which is huge in the world of professional gaming is quoted for their gamers schedule showing on a regular day they would have around 10 hours of practice or team related studies and exercises. Douglas Heave n in his article â€Å"Rise and rise of eSports† states, â€Å"Pro video gamers are no less dedicated than mainstream athletes, says Wyatt. To become the best golfer in the world you have to spend hour upon hour on the driving range. â€Å"These guys do exactly the same thing,† he says. â€Å"There’s no difference in skill level between these guys and the very best sportspeople in the world (2).† Esports are one of the fastest growing trends in the world.Show MoreRelatedThe Rise Of The Professional Competitive Video Gaming Essay1529 Words   |  7 Pagesknow about professional competitive gaming. They would never think that in the future eSport (electronic sport), would be growing up extremely fast. â€Å"Last year, tournaments awarded more than $15 million around the world, up from just over a $1 million a decade ago† (Holden 87) according to the statistics from the esportsearnings.com. Just think about it, the first place team can be guaranteed to get at least $1 million dollars, and this is the amazing amount of money for just playing the game. Now imagineRead MoreThe Consequences of Paying College Athletes1240 Words   |  5 PagesIn the Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia’s definition of â€Å"Amateur† it states, during the early 20th century â€Å"the American intercollegiate athletic system†¦ adopted amateurism, claiming it developed competitors who were morally superior to professionals† (â€Å"Amateur†). Amateurism is the concept that athletes should compete without payment. Until recently, playing collegiate sports as an amateur was thought to be a noble calling. As time surpassed, college sports became a commercialized industry, generatingRead MoreCompany Overview Presentation: EA Sports1118 Words   |  5 PagesSlide 1: The video game industry is worth an estimated $25.1 billion as of 2010 in the US alone (ESA, 2012), a year in which Electronic Arts earned $3.6 billion in total re venue and $2.025 in North America, giving the company an approximate market share of 8%. The company published titles on all major platforms for the year. The company has a gross margin of 65% but barely turned a profit, this coming after several years of losses. Slide 2: Michael Porters five forces framework allows us to determineRead MoreThe Ethics Of Athletes Are Purely Physical1337 Words   |  6 Pagesmakes us think that whenever we think of athletics, we imagine large sport complexes and people running about and playing games we call sports. But, where do we get this definition? Why do we think this way, who has set the precedent that athletes are purely physical? Is this just a stereotype that needs to be broken? Webster’s American Dictionary defines an Athlete as â€Å"a person who is trained or skilled in exercises, sports, or games requiring physical strength, agility, or stamina.† The word originatesRead MoreShould College Athletes Be Paid?1079 Words   |  5 PagesCollege sports has become extremely popular over the past few years. With the March Madness tournament held in March and the new College Football Playoff held in January, the NCAA has achieved a great deal of attention and high television ratings. Although colleges make tons of money off of their athletes, college athletes receive plenty of compensation. Paying student athletes would cross the line between professionalism and amateurism and would violate the essence of being a student athlete. StudentRead MoreEsports: Informative Paper1250 Words   |  5 Pagestwist and turns it all comes to this. 1 week earlier, the previous Friday thousands have flown down to the heart of it all. Crowded around the event hall doors, people everywhere, spectators itching to get the best seats. Players going over in game builds, timings, and strategies just one more time until the doors finally open. 8 teams of 5 players to a team were seated into the week long tournament and now only two remain. Royal Club and SK Telecom are season veterans of League of LegendsRead MoreDescriptive Essay About Sports And Football1054 Words   |  5 PagesSport comes from the Old French desport meaning leisure, with the oldest definition in English from around 1300 being anything humans find amusing or entertaining.[9] Other meanings include gambling and events staged for the purpose of gambling; hunting; and games and diversions, including ones that require exercise.[10] Roget s defines the noun sport as an activity engaged in for relaxation and amusement with synonyms including diversion and recreation.[11] Nomenclature The singular termRead MoreShould Esports Be Considered A Sport?1550 Words   |  7 PagesShould eSports Be Considered a Sport? A sport is defined as an athletic activity requiring skill or physical prowess and often of a competitive nature. Competitive. Competition is a rivalry between two or more persons or groups for an object desired in common, usually resulting in a victor and a loser. Something to argue would be if a competition could legitimately be considered a sport. The word ‘compete’ is in the definition of sport after all. So, should eSports, or Electronic Sports, be consideredRead MoreShould College Athletes Be Banned?1289 Words   |  6 Pagesa good portion of the sports world that audiences consume every day. The revenue accumulation through commercialized television is through the roof. Not only are sports fans taking advantage of college athletes playing without pay, but the media is making money off of them as well. This brings to question, how are college athletes any different from professional athletes when it comes to their responsibilities as a player on and off the fiel d or court? Recently, Electronic Arts was forced to stopRead MoreThe Ncaa s Policy On Amateurism1360 Words   |  6 PagesThe NCAA’s policy on amateurism has been around since the creation of the NCAA by Theodore Roosevelt. This policy was created to prevent teams from hiring ringers to play in games and to limit point shaving/corruption in collegiate sports. Currently, prospective student athletes have to be certified as an amateur by the NCAA Clearinghouse in order to compete in any competitions. Over the last decade, there has been an increase in the National Collegiate Athletic Association or NCAA’s policy on Amateurism

Myth and Measurement The New Economics of the Minimum Wage

Questions: 1. Analyze what happens when a higher minimum wage is enacted (raising a price floor on the price of labor). Will the number of workers hired change? Why? What might be an unintended consequence of a higher minimum wage law designed to help low income workers? 2. Analyze what happens when the price of rent is regulated so that prices are kept artificially low (a price ceiling). What will happen to the availability of apartments Why What might be an unintended consequence of a rent control? Answers: 1. A minimum wage is considered as the lowest compensation that employers may legally pay to employees. Similarly, employees may not sell their labor below the price floor. A price floor is a legal minimum in which the government does not facilitate the price of a good or service to decrease below the floor. The minimum wage has increased impetus among policy makers as a method to lessen rising wage as well as disparity of income. However, higher minimum wage or increasing price floor on the price of labor leads to job loss and probable magnitude of those losses. It has been predicted by the standard model of competitive labor markets that higher minimum wage is likely to lead to loss of job among low-skilled employees (Meer and West 2015). A binding minimum wage that is set higher as compared to the competitive equilibrium wage decreases employment for two purposes. Firstly, the employers will substitute away from the low-skilled manual labor that is comparatively costly at present towards other inputs that includes capital. Both product and labor demand will be reduced due to higher minimum wage. The increase in minimum wage is likely to reduce the hire of workers and they will also fire present workers. In other words, most of the companies move towards computerization, at least partly due to increase in minimum wages. Almost all the workers have diverse level of skills and as a result, higher minimum wage is likely to change the number of workers hired as employers will hire less number of low-skilled employees (Card and Krueger 2015). It is often understandably believed by the lawmakers that they are in the business to solve issues. Legislators often think that putting more money in the pockets of the poor is likely to help their families. However, legislation will not rescind the laws of economics. According to research, mandated hikes in wages imposes real costs of economics and these costs are principally borne by the very individual legislators are trying to help. However, it leads to an unfortunate attempt to increase minimum wages as it depends mostly on emotion rather than economic reality. Cohorts mostly depict the typical minimum wage earner as a solo parent who is struggling to place food on the table. A vast majority of individuals started their life with a minimum wage job. It provided entry to the market in order to gain helpful skills as well as knowledge that facilitated them to move up the ladder. However, it consists of a small subsection of the labor force. According to Card and Krueger (2016), p utting more money in the pockets of the poor did not help the poor however; it cost them their jobs. The higher minimum wage also had a negative impact on the minority employment mostly due to differences in level of skills and education. 2. The government control of the rents of houses as well as apartments is an exceptional form of price control. Rent control is considered as a law putting a maximum price or a rent on what property owners may charge tenants. If it is to have any impact, the level of rent requires to be put at a rate below that which would otherwise be triumphed. However, if rents are instituted lesser as compared to the level of equilibrium, the quantity demanded will essentially be more than the amount supplied. On the other hand, rent control will lead to a shortage of house spaces. In a competitive market, if the quantity of a commodity demanded is more than the amount supplied. The large demand in the non-controlled segment of the market is caused by rent control that in turn increases price in the segment. In the case of price ceilings, rent control leads to shortages as well as decrease in the quality of the commodity. The quantity of apartments for rents will be far less than otherwise. Exist ing unit off unit fare poorly under rent control (Ambrose, Eichholtz and Lindenthal 2013). Limited growth of rent dampens future investment in housing and it also inflates rents for unregulated units as well as depresses residents who secure units of rent-controlled. The unintended as well as unwanted consequences of endeavors to put into practice rent control and minimum wages are mostly uncomplicated. Rent control discloses the door to inequity due to potential tenants that cannot compete with each other by providing larger rent for an apartment. In a market that is left to its personal policies, everybody who desires an apartment at the market price gets one, and everybody who is enthusiastic to rent out an apartment at the market price gets a tenant. On the other hand, under a free and competitive market, a prejudiced property owner would have to pay for his prejudice in the form of subordinate profits. According to rent control wage law, individuals get access to lower-quality rental housing. However, property owners have weaker incentives to be conscientious about ma intenance. With price-control, individuals will be able to adjust the quality of the commodities as well as services that they are purchasing and selling. Employees have to pay for foods as well as employers that are used to offer. The rent control is considered as an effectual as well as counterproductive policy of housing. However, the law of rent control ignores the basic laws of economics that are associated with markets for housing (Kim 2015). References Ambrose, B.W., Eichholtz, P. and Lindenthal, T., 2013. House prices and fundamentals: 355 years of evidence.Journal of Money, Credit and Banking,45(2?3), pp.477-491. Card, D. and Krueger, A.B., 2015.Myth and measurement: the new economics of the minimum wage. Princeton University Press. Card, D. and Krueger, A.B., 2016. Introduction and Overview [Myth and Measurement: The New Economics of the Minimum Wage Twentieth-Anniversary Edition].Introductory Chapters. Kim, J.R., 2015. What Drives the Price-Rent Ratio in the UK Housing Market? An Unobserved Component Approach.Journal of Marketing and Management,6(2), p.74. Meer, J. and West, J., 2015. Effects of the minimum wage on employment dynamics.Journal of Human Resources.

HIV/ AIDS in the UK

General Country Information Official Country Name: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandAdvertising We will write a custom research paper sample on HIV/ AIDS in the UK specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Continent and Region: Europe and Western Europe Neighbouring States: France and Ireland Governmental System: Constitutional Monarchy Economic System: Liberal service based economy Head of State: Prime Minister David Cameron (CIA, 2010) Member of International Political Organizations (e.g. NATO)? NATO- a founding member and also the Commonwealth. A Security Council member of the UN. It also belongs to the G-8, IMF, Paris Club , Australia Group, IFC and many others such as Interpol.Advertising Looking for research paper on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Member of International Economic Organizations (e.g. ASEAN)? OECD, IEA, G-20, ILO, IMO, EAPC a nd BIS Member of Other International Organizations? It is in the European Union. Nonetheless, it has chosen not to implement some of the issues surrounding the Monetary or Economic Issues. Total population. 61, 284, 806 Average Life Expectancy. 79.16 years Literacy rate (%). 99 Official Language. English Major religion(s). Christianity accounting for 71.6%, Islam -2.7% and Hindu-1%Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on HIV/ AIDS in the UK specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Allies. US, France and Ireland Major trade partners. US (Biggest trading partner), France, Germany, Belgium, Spain, Netherlands and Ireland Countries with which your Country has friendly/adverse relations. Conflicted with Spain over autonomy, Argentina over Island territories, Iraq, Afghanistan and other Arab Nations over involvement in the US led 2002 invasion of Afghanistan and Iraq. Former Colonial Powers (if applicable). Not applicable Fo rmer Colonies (if applicable). India, South Africa, Zimbabwe, Nigeria, Uganda, Tanzania, Kenya, Ghana, Egypt (CIA, 2010) History of United Kingdom Early history. England was in place from 10TH C, It then joined forces with Wales in 1284 and then included Scotland in 1707. In 1801, Ireland was made part of Great Britain but was later partitioned in 1921 to leave only Northern Ireland as part of the UK. Recent history. The country has recently been fighting for constitutional reform. It has also been at the forefront of instating devolutions. Its involvement in the EU has made a continental and hence a global force intended on influencing other nations’ foreign policy. The UK enjoyed high economic growth in the last half of the twentieth century and the early twenty first, however, the global economic recession tool a toll on them. It has also been struggling with territorial defences over assemblies by Northern Ireland. (CIA, 2010)Advertising Looking for research paper on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More HIV/AIDS Four major threats affecting my state The United Kingdom is confronted with a series of challenges. Obesity has become a serious cause for concern. This has permeated across all major age groups, including the youth and members of the older population. Several awareness campaigns have been launched through the media and other concerns in order to reduce obesity and hence the other health complications that arise from it. Secondly, crime is a pressing problem as well. This is especially common in the major cities like London. Matters have been worsened by high immigration rates which have been linked to this trend in subsequent times. (Weild, 1998) In order to solve the problem, police and prison reforms have been instated. Mental illness as a social challenge has also taken on centre stage. Concerns over providing proper medical care to these groups of individuals has been raised. Teenage pregnancies are also another crucial issue as well. (Pickett Wilkinson, 2009) AIDS st atistics In the United Kingdom, there are currently eighty three thousand HIV positive and AIDS infections; it was found that out of this number, three quarter knew of their status while the rest did not. This represents a percentage of about 0.3 of the entire UK population. Statistics show that the latest infection rates were 7, 928 newly infected persons. Out of the total number of people infected, 593 died in 2005. This compares to a total of 1, 720 deaths in 1995. Therefore, mortality rates for the disease have dramatically reduced in this time frame (HPA, 2009) Percentage of those infected who are women The latest statistics on HIV/ AIDS prevalence in the UK demonstrate that approximately, 32, 833 women out of the 105, 625 HIV cases are women. This represents about 31.09% of the infection rates within the population. Part of this disparity could be brought on by the fact that one of the common infection routes i.e. male-male intercourse is accountable for a high percentage of i nfection rates in the state. In this regard, 44, 537 of the 105, 625 HIV cases in the country were caused by male-male intercourse. Furthermore, heterosexual relations also involve males; in the end, men happen to fall in the two categories and will eventually report higher prevalence rates than their female counterparts who mostly belong to the heterosexual transmission route. (Dougan, 2007) Percentage of young people infected and possible explanations For persons under the age of 15, it was found that they represent 2% of the infection. Those between the ages of 15-19 also represented a fairly small percentage i.e. 2.1% percent. The individuals between 20-24 represent 10% of infection rates while the age group with the highest infection rates is 30-34 years (Avert, 2010). The latter accounted for 22%. Those between 25-29 years represented 19.9% of the population. It can be said that the lower prevalence rates among those below age 20 occur because few of them engage in heterosexua l relations. The latter transmission route is accountable for the highest number of HIV infections. Furthermore, male – to male intercourse and drug use are also highest on the middle age bracket which is 30-34 so younger people are not engaging in these activities and have therefore been spared from transmission. The country’s principle reasons for transmission Sex between males is one of the major routes of transmission within the UK. This is perpetuated by practising unsafe behaviour such as having more than one partner and the lack of condom use. The tendency to engage in risky behaviour within this group has been denoted by the fact that sexually transmitted diseases are highly prevalent. The other route (which accounts for the highest infection rates) is heterosexual relations. Engagement in risky behaviour within this group has also been reported to be a major reason for infection. Some individuals tend to have more than one partner. (Elam, 2006). Furthermore, o thers actually acquire it from other countries that are known for relatively high infection rates during periods of travel. Lastly, drug use has also been cited as an important factor in transmission. (UK collaborative HIV and STI surveillance group, 2004) Risky behaviour amongst gays has been targeted by the government and other HIV initiatives during the nineties and this resulted in lower cases. However, it seems as though the campaign momentum was not sustained and it led to a plummeting of infections in subsequent years. Needle exchange programs for drug users were also introduced and this accounted for a decrease in infections from the latter group. Political will does exist and has contributed to lower rates. (Department of Health, 2001). Nevertheless, more needs to be done in terms of reinforcing safe sex messages as risky behaviour accounts for most of the issues. Extent of effectiveness of local and national prevention initiatives Prevention initiatives within the UK seem to be working because HIV diagnoses over the past ten years have risen. (Brown et al, 2006). Consequently, this has ensured that counselling of uninfected partners has occurred. Furthermore, there has been a continual emphasis on recently infected HIV patients who are counselled on preventing further infections. Also, mother to child infection rates have been reduced to the bare minimum so this is definitely a step in the right direction (Townsend, 2008). However, there are still challenges in the drug taking sector because the state has moved towards needle exchange programs in pharmacies (Hope, 2005), (Hope et al, 2002). This may put the latter group at a higher risk of infection because counselling may not occur in such settings. Progress made within the country in terms of international agreements The sixth Millennium development goal is to combat HIV, Malaria and other diseases. (Department for International Development, 2010) The target would be to reverse HIV spread in five y ears time i.e. by 2015. An analysis of the HIV infection rates in UK demonstrates that there is no consistent rate of infections over the past ten years. In 2002, new infection rates accounted for 6,322. This increases to 7,373 and 7,849, 7,975 in 2003, 2004 and 2005 respectively. The latter were patterns of increase. On the other hand, the numbers started dwindling after 2005, to 7,608, 7,495, 7,298 in 2006, 2007 and 2008 respectively. Statistics for 2009 are yet to be published (Sullivan, 2005). The country needs to maintain the trend over the last four years and if does then it will be working towards achievement of the millennium goals. References CIA (2010). United Kingdom. Web. Pickett, K. Wilkinson, R. (2009). Spirit level: why more equal societies almost always do better. London: Allen lane. Dougan, S. (2007). HIV Diagnosis among men and HIV testing. Sexually transmitted infections journal, 83(2), 56. Health protection agency (2009). HIV in the UK – 2009 report.  W eb. Avert (2010). UK statistics summary. Web Sullivan, K. (2005). Newly diagnosed HIV infections-Ireland and UK review. British medical Journal, 330(5), 1301. Townsend, C. (2008). Mother to child HIV transmission, AIDS journal, 22(5), 8. Hope, V. (2005). HIV prevalence amongst drug users in England and Wales from 1990 to 2003. AIDS journal, 3(21), 19. Department of Health (2001). National sexual health and HIV strategy. London. Department of health. UK collaborative HIV and STI surveillance group. (2004). Focus on prevention: HIV and sexually transmitted infections in UK. London, Health protection agency centre for infections. Hope, V., Rogers. P. Jordan, L. (2002). Increase in needle and syringe sharing in England and Wales. AIDS journal, 16(2), 2494. Department for International Development. (2010). Millennium Development Goal Six. Web. Weild, A. (1998). HIV prevalence and associated risks. International AIDS conference. Brown, A., Logan, L. Fenton, K. (2006). Monitoring effecti veness of HIV prevention initiatives in Great Britain. Sexually transmitted Infections journal, 82(4), 4-10. Elam, G. (2006). Barriers to voluntary HIV testing among Africans in England. HIV medicine journal, 7(1), 28. This research paper on HIV/ AIDS in the UK was written and submitted by user Owen F. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

The Search For Identity essays

The Search For Identity essays In her novel, Bastard Out of Carolina, Dorothy Allison tells a story of Bone and the Boatwrights, a family besieged by poverty and violence. Throughout the novel, the reader uncovers the lives of all the different characters, and discovering the identity of these characters plays a large role in understanding the novel as a whole. Within the Boatwright family are women who are constantly faced with the struggle of finding themselves in a patriarchal society. Anney, Alma and Raylene each have their own characteristics and ideals and as the novel progresses, Bone successively displays identity characteristics of each of these women. To Bone, these women exemplify the different levels of independence that a woman can achieve in such a society. In the end, while Alma and Anney are unable to break free from a male-driven society, Raylene remains independent, and Bone finds her own identity through her experiences. Bones aunt, Alma, does not have her own identity- she relies on men and children to form her identity for her. She is married to Wade, a man who consistently has extramarital affairs. Alma had finally caught Wade doing just what hed been doing for years, (83) and moved out with her children, only to break under the stress of not having a man in the household. Alma had sworn she wouldnt have Wade back in her life till he crawled the length of Main Street singing what a dog he was, but when the baby got sick and the boys started running around at night, she gave it up and moved back in with him (90-91). Though Wade blatantly disrespects her in every way, Alma lacks the strength and ability to leave him for good, because doing so would strip her of the only identity that she has possessed for years. After asking Wade to give her another baby, he laughs at Alma, saying that he wouldnt touch [her] even if [she] took a bath in whiskey tonic and put a bag over ...

Use risk perception and risk communication perspective to evaluate the Essay

Use risk perception and risk communication perspective to evaluate the disaster management policy-making process - Essay Example Use risk perception and risk communication perspective to evaluate the disaster management policy-making process The earth has been found to be the only life-supporting planet for now. At least even if humans can live on other planets, it is the earth we all live on now.So if we are talking about keeping the earth intact and productive, then we should be thinking of ways of reducing; if not stopping disasters from occurring. The Assam Government Disaster Management Policy (2010) explains that â€Å"disaster is a sudden, calamitous event bringing great damage, loss, and destruction and devastation to life and property.† Sadly, the source continues to note that â€Å"the damage caused by disasters is immeasurable and varies with the geographical location, climate and the type of the earth surface/degree of vulnerability.† This explanation alone reechoes a very scaring situation whereby the fight against disaster must be embraced with all seriousness and urgency. Speaking of the need to fight disasters, the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies Disaster Man agement is quoted in World Confederation of Physical Therapy (2011) as pointing to disaster management as the most effective way of fighting disaster; explaining that â€Å"disaster management is the organization and management of resources and responsibilities for dealing with all humanitarian aspects of emergencies, in particular preparedness, response and recovery in order to lessen the impact of disasters.† ... At the evaluation stage of policy making, policy makers are offered the opportunity to critically scrutinize the feasibility, achievability, effectiveness and usefulness of any given policy. Having noted this, it is important to appreciate the fact that for disaster management evaluation to go on successfully without any setbacks, there are a number of factors that need to be put in place and a number of mechanisms that need to be used by facilitators. Two of these factors and mechanisms are risk perception and risk communication perspective. These two elements come in best when utilized will ensure that the eventual implementation of disaster management policies achieve their needed results. To this end, this essay seeks to explore the use of risk perception and risk communication perspective to evaluate a given disaster management policy-making process. Literature Review Overview of disaster management policy making process and its importance Policy making process takes place day i n and out in different quarters of organizational set ups. Even at the national level, there are several policy making processes that take place day in and out. Policy making processes are necessitated when the need to have policies in place arise. Sycamnias (2008) states that â€Å"according to a dictionary definition, policy is "any course of action followed primarily because it is expedient or advantages in a material sense."† Without any question, disaster management is such an important phenomenon that it needs a whole policy formulation to get it underway. As part of the importance of taking disaster management through the policy making process, taking disaster

Brand Identification Plays In Brand Loyalty and Brand Promotion Essay - 1

Brand Identification Plays In Brand Loyalty and Brand Promotion - Essay Example 3.2 Research Methods This research uses both primary data collection and secondary methods for testing the research hypothesis. The secondary research consists of a literature review that contains a critical analysis of the available literature and research on the customer brand identification, brand loyalty, brand promotion, customer satisfaction and retention. It also covers the theories on these variables and discusses any linkages between them. The primary research is carried out among 159 mobile customers in UK with the help of a questionnaire. The data collected in the city of York. Respondents of questionnaire were selected randomly and the target samples were shoppers from all age ranges from 18 to 66 years or more. Both males and females, who come out of retail settings, were used. The strategy used was to approach every third person coming out of a shops (Tesco, Asda, M&S, any high street shop, etc) to ensure that we get a random representative sample whose mindset is simil ar (shopping). Before giving the questionnaire to the respondents, the researcher explained the research rationale and asked the respondents to complete it based on their favorite mobile brand. Respondents were mainly females (51.6 per cent) in the age group of 18-35 (70.9 per cent). Tables given below give more details about the respondent characteristics: Respondents' Gender Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid Male 77 48.4 48.4 48.4 Female 82 51.6 51.6 100.0 Total 159 100.0 100.0 Respondents' Age Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid 18-25 55 34.6 34.8 34.8 26-35 57 35.8 36.1 70.9 36-45 35 22.0 22.2 93.0 46-55 6 3.8 3.8 96.8 56-65 3 1.9 1.9 98.7 66 or more 2 1.3 1.3 100.0 Total 158 99.4 100.0 Missing System 1 .6 Total 159 100.0 3.3 Research Design The research design consist of the sample size, data collection and sampling method, and analysis techniques. In this research we are using 112 items from previous studies to measure the relationsh ip between the customers and their favorite brands, using seven 7-point scale items Scale of Escalas (1996). All questions will have multiple choices (Caproni 2005, p.146).The results of the questionnaires will be used to make conclusions later in this study We used about 25 item scale of potential measures of model constructs from C.B Bhattacharya & Sankar sen study to measure the relationship between company identity and identity attractiveness and also to know the link between identity attractiveness and c-c identity : We used the findings of Ahearne et al (2005), to examine the link between customer – brand identification in first and second section of our survey (general question about customer and favorite brand) and also to describe the level of overlap between the costumer and brand identity. Questionnaire used was of a seven-point format like; strongly disagree, disagree, slightly disagree, neither agree nor disagree, slightly agree, agree and strongly agree. The res earch will also examine if the CBI have an important role towards the brand loyalty and also in the process of brand promotion. 3.4 Ethical considerations This research uses all the ethical

Learning Strategies and Information-Processing Development Essay Example for Free

Learning Strategies and Information-Processing Development Essay Learning can be simply defined as the process that leads to relatively permanent change in behavior or potential change in a person’s behavior. Learning makes one change the way they perceive the environment, react to stimuli and interact. Cognitive psychology is a very important branch of modern psychology. The main focus of this approach is the memory-how information is stored and retrieved. Several theories have been developed with regard to this subject such as the stage theory (Atkinson Shriffin, 1968). The stage theory model is widely accepted since it proposes that information is processed and stored in three sequential stages i.e. â€Å"the sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory† (Atkinson Shriffin, 1968, p. 90). In addition to this model other accepted theories include levels-of-processing theory proposed by Craik and Lockhart (1972), the parallel-distributed processing model and the connectionistic model. This paper examines how attention, memory, recognition and knowledge are related to various learning strategies. In addition, the paper discusses how visual-perceptual, motor and language relate to information processing development. Information processing development As stated in the introduction above, cognitive psychology forms an integral part of the discipline of psychology. The most widely used theory is the stage theory whose focus is on how information is stored in memory. Information is processed in three stages and this is done in a serial and scholastic manner. Another important theory is the â€Å"levels-of-processing† theory whose proposition is that the learner utilizes different levels of explanation as he or she processes in formation. A major advantage of the information-processing strategies is in their explicitness and accuracy in diving complex cognitive functions into distinct elements that can be easily studied. However, when it comes to analyzing cognition into its distinct parts; information processing fails to re-unite them into a general, comprehensive construct. In addition, most information processing tools such as computer models have lost touch with real-life learning experiences (Berk, 2009). Information processing approach towards cognition seeks to explain how the learner (children and adults) operate on the different types of information. Most scholars view the mind as a complex system (a type of computer) through which information flows and is manipulated. General models such as the store model by Atkinson and Shiffrin assume that information is stored in three parts of the brain for processing: â€Å"the sensory register, short-term memory, and long-term memory† (Berk, 2010, para.1). Craik and Lockhart (1972) level-of-processing model assumes that information is transferred from working memory to the long-term memory depending on the level processing. There exist several other information processing developmental models such as the Case’s theory which is a reinterpretation of Piaget’s theory of information processing model. Case views cognitive development as the increase in information processing capacity as a result of brain development which can be linked to more efficient learning strategies. Connectionism on the other hand explains information processing development as a result of learning strategies such as computer-simulated strategies which enhance; inter-connectivity of processing units that are well stratified just like the neurological structure of the brain. Siegler’s using his model of learning strategy choice argues that, learners always generate a number of strategies for problem solving, the more the experience, the more strategies are selected or discarded (Kail Cavanaugh, 2008). Attention is a critical factor when it comes to human thinking, it dictates the information that will be considered when undertaking a task. Attention is greatly enhanced during early and middle stages of childhood. Thus, improved attention makes one to be more adaptable, selective and organized. Enhanced cognitive reticence and efficacy of attentional learning strategies are pertinent to the fine-tuning of selective attention. The fine tuning of attentional learning strategies takes place in four stages: â€Å"production deficiency, control deficiency, utilization deficiency, and effective strategy use† (para.2). Whenever there is a problem with attention students would develop learning disorders. The argument here is that, when a student is learning a new concept, their attention needs to be focused on the new concept.   If they fail to fully pay their attention, it means that they will have a serious problem with the learning of the new information (Kail Cavanaugh, 2008). Memory strategies are said to improve with age, as children continue to develop various methods such as, organization, and elaboration. This increases the likelihood of storing information in working memory and its consequential transfer to the long-term knowledge bank. Thus, over childhood stages and even in adolescence, students’ recall steadily improves as knowledge is continually amassed and its organization is improved effectively. Childrens metacognitive abilities usually change from passivity to activity. A more productive view of mental functioning increases with the increase in awareness of information processing strategies, cognitive aptitudes, and task variables. Self-regulation cognitively develops gradually during childhood and adolescence stages. Recently, scholars of information-processing have focused their attention towards academic learning of children (Berk, 2009). Visual-perceptual, motor and language relation to information processing development A visual-perceptual skill is simply the brain’s ability to process information as seen.   Previously, most scholars had assumed that a deficiency in visual-perceptual skills was directly linked to the malfunctioning of the eye.   That is having a poor physical vision or poor muscle control in the eye. However, the presence or absence of physical vision has nothing to do with visual perceptual. Instead, visual perceptual refers to the ability of the brain the receiving of visual information, its interpretation, organization, storage, and transmission Thus, if a student’s brain is not properly storing information, recall will definitely be poor. This directly affects the student’s ability to concentrate and read since he or she has a slow recall of words. The slowing down of recall can also have a negative impact on their mathematical abilities let alone their fluency in speech and reading (Smith 2004). Language and phonological processing abilities are affected by the student’s ability to store, process, and retrieve information.   Usually language and phonological problems are rooted to reading disorders.   Many students with reading disorders have difficulty storing, processing, and retrieving information.   A normal student’s left brain hemisphere becomes dominant when they are carrying out tasks involving language processing (Berk 2009). A student’s motor skills are also an important factor when discussing about learning strategies.   Children will learn from their interaction with the environment; this ability is affected hindered by a child’s motor or verbal skills, a child will learn better when their motor skills are well developed.   This can be observed in a math class.   A conventional practice in the learning of fractions is the use of multiplication.   A student with a problem with their motor skills will have a problem with the use of manipulatives.   Thus they will definitely have it rough when it comes to the learning of fractions (Berk, 2010). Conclusion This paper argues that there exist several other information processing developmental models such as the Case’s theory which is a reinterpretation of Piaget’s theory of information processing model. Case views cognitive development as the increase in information processing capacity as a result of brain development which can be linked to more efficient learning strategies. The most widely used theory is the stage theory whose focus is on how information is stored in memory. Learning strategies such as memory strategies are pertinent to the process of information development. Information processing approach towards cognition explains how the learner operates on various kinds of information. The mind is a complex system (a type of computer) through which information flows and is manipulated. Deficits in information processing skills have negative impacts on a student’s ability to learn effectively. This is attributed to the reason that all learning is relatively cumulative.  Thus, problems in learning should be detected early in enough and solved otherwise; they would get worse with advancement of age.

PALM WINE :: essays research papers

â€Å"Palm Wine† is a story of an anthropologist named Bertrand that traveled to Senegal on a graduate fellowship to collect proverbs from its people (McKnight 35). The miscommunication, lack of understanding, and appreciation for the people of Senegal caused alienation between them and Bertrand. I believe that if Bertrand went to Senegal with an absorbent mind frame and stuck to his academic responsibilities, he would have fulfilled his purpose and came out of this journey with a new found respect and some proverbs.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The language barrier between Omar, Bertrand and Doudou caused indifference between them. I notice that when you don’t like a certain person you tend to tune them out and only pick up a portion of what is being stated. Even though Omar’s â€Å"English was relatively poor† it was clear that Bertrand â€Å"didn’t really like him† (McKnight 36). Doudou felt offended to be studied like rats in a laboratory without being asked. He and his people felt disrespected and felt as if people of Bertrand’s profession â€Å"steal from them† (McKnight 40). In a sense, I think they mean that they steal their culture by writing in books what they perceive and not what the culture of traditions are really about.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Bertrand was already behind â€Å"because of a lengthy bout of malaria† (McKnight 35). Knowing this, he should have been more prepared and geared up to collect the Wolof proverbs. He was caught up in this idea and desire to acquire this palm wine. A yearn that he obtained from reading â€Å"The Palm-Wine Drunkard in college† (McKnight 35). Bertrand knew that his intentions on getting a hold of some proverbs were low on the list compared to getting some palm wine. He stated, â€Å"I took my pad, pencils, and tape recorder along, knowing I wasn’t going to use them† (McKnight 35).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I feel that Bertrand did look at anthropology as being â€Å"the study of primitive cultures†(McKnight 39). He didn’t appreciate it as a culture rich in tradition but as a place yet to be civilized. He wasn’t taking in the people and their customs and way of life; he only wanted what they could offer that could calm his thirst which was the palm wine.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Once he attained the palm wine and realized that this wine that the Drinkard â€Å"soujourns through many cruel and horrifying worlds to in order in try to retrieve† (McKnight 35) is an â€Å"acquired taste† (McKnight 39).

Lv Ptlls

The purpose of assessment falls into 5 main categories. Initial, (at the beginning) diagnostic (example: testing for existing knowledge), formative, (ongoing) summarize (at the end) and passive (self). Gravels states, Assessment is a regular process: it might not always be formalized, but you will be observing what your learners are doing, asking them questions, and reviewing their progress. So why do we actually assess learners?Gravels (2012) argues that â€Å"It enables you, the assessor, to ascertain if you the learner has gained the required skills ND knowledge needed at a given point towards a course or qualification†. Further reasons to asses are that assessment can highlight weakness and highlight strengths, it is also an excellent piece of feedback for both students and teachers which can be used for a review also. The first assessment that should take place should be an initial assessment. This will ensure that the learner is on the right course.Gravels (2012) states that if you place the learner on a course qualification they may not achieve, it is placing them at a distinct disadvantage. Completing an initial assessment goes however also have positive aspect, if the learner shows a lack of knowledge in a specific area the teacher would be able to plan for specific need and make arrangements for future learning, therefore promoting equal opportunities by allowing a range to different ability learners to complete the program.CAD (2012) describes an initial assessment as â€Å"Initial assessment of each newly arrived pupil's learning helps teachers consider the pupil's specific needs and plan opportunities that will help remove any barriers to learning they might have†. Formative assessments are always ongoing throughout a course, it will roved opportunities to adapt learning to the students needs, it will also highlight any weakness that may need to be addressed, thus improving learning. In a care job this may be done by supervisions, wat ching how people work.Guidance and support should be given on any areas they are no so good at. Constructive feed back in many opinions are best to use. Just like a driving test many fail first time yet more than 95% of those who attempt eventually pass. (Petty 1 998) Summarize assessments sums up what a candidate can do, a summarize assessment usually leads to a pass or fail situation. However, an NV is scribed as a â€Å"competence-based qualifications. They reflect the skills and knowledge needed to do a job effectively, and show that a candidate is competent in the area of work the NV framework represents. CAD (2012). A disadvantage of this type off assessment is that an NV is a qualification you should not fail you are given time to pass and are allowed to practice and make mistakes this may imply that failure is k, and that you can just to start again but in care a job should be done first time and no mistakes should be made, this would be an ideal world but after all we are human and mistakes re made. That is where an NV has its advantages it allows you to make mistakes and try again and by doing this you are constantly learning and you become more competent in what is to be done.For effective learning to take place it is important to involve the learner in the assessment process. Initially this could be done by sharing and clarifying the assessment process with the learner ensuring they understand what the assessment criteria is and how they can meet that criteria. After the assessment it is important to give the learner useful feedback that they can fleet on and actions that they could take for further assessments. Gravels states â€Å"All Learners need to know how they are progressing and what they have achieved.F-dieback will encourage and motivate them†. Giving Feedback is an essential part of the assessment cycle, feedback shows and encourages both learners and trainers how they are progressing. It is not a criticism and should be helpful to learners to understand their behavior and actions. Scales (2008) states â€Å"The willingness of learners and teachers to give and receive feedback is at the heart of formative assessment'. The feedback sandwich is a well trusted and standard model of delivering feed back.The trainer should first ask learners for self assessment followed by trainers positive recognition Of achievements and strengths on top. Feedback should be neither too extensive nor brief and if there are many areas of change a learner need to address, a maximum of only 3 should be given initially, so the learner is not overwhelmed. Feedback being a two way process should be delivered in a positive manner, be it verbally, written or electronically. Its delivery should be descriptive, instructive and targeted specifically at the learners areas of development in order to motivate them.Feedback is an essential part of effective learning. It helps students understand the subject being studied and gives them clear guidance on how to improve their learning. Questions must be asked thought or as learning is ongoing to ensure there is an understanding. Peer and self assessment are a great way of involving learners as it allows them to give constructive feedback. Self and peer assessments are always ongoing. Looking at gaps and what else needs doing. Improving own knowledge and looking at difficulties. Discuss with others who can support you to over come things.Encourage sharing of knowledge and Information. Self-assessment plays an important part in enhanced learning as by making the learner think about their own strengths and weaknesses it enables them to highlight those areas of skill or knowledge on which they need to work. Learners can also be used as a learning resource explaining something to another student for example or by giving peer feedback, by getting the learner to take on the teacher's role it makes them think about their own knowledge and how to get that knowledge across thereby promoting self- assessment.Peer assessment really helps the rapport of the group as they are working together by giving constructive criticism and points for development. Peer and self-assessment, where students assess each other and themselves, can encourage students to take greater responsibility for their learning, for example, by encouraging engagement with assessment criteria and reflection of their own performance and that of their peers. Through this, students can learn from their previous mistakes, identify their strengths and weaknesses ND learn to target their learning accordingly.Getting students to become more active in their learning in this way can help to alter the perception of learning as being a passive process whereby students listen to you and absorb the information in order to regurgitate during a subsequent assignment. If students are participants rather than ‘spectators', they are more likely to engage with their learning. For peer evaluation to work eff ectively, the learning environment in the classroom must be supportive.Students must feel comfortable and trust one another in order to provide honest and constructive feedback. Instructors who use group work and peer assessment frequently can help students develop trust by forming them into small groups early in the semester and having them work in the same groups throughout the term. This allows them to become more comfortable with each other and leads to better peer feedback. Assessment methods vary greatly and each have their own strengths and weaknesses.A test or questioning would be two good initial assessments as they can be used to gauge how much prior knowledge a learner has. They could also be used as formative assessments comparing the answers to the earner's earlier answers to measure how far they have progressed. Limitations of tests and questioning can be some people can crumble at tests. Know it all but cannot get it down onto paper also may find it difficult to expla in. Tests may cause anxiety and cause people to feel pressured. May only allow for specific answers without chance to expand.Tests and certain types of questioning may not be suitable due to barriers. Lack of confidence or even ability to read can affect the person. Other support may be needed to allow them to complete the task. An observation makes for a good formative or summarize assessment as it ivies the learner the opportunity to demonstrate the skills and or knowledge they have gained, the drawback of an observation however is that the natural behavior of anything being observed is likely to be altered by the observation.Assignments are another method of assessment, again they give the opportunity for the learner to demonstrate knowledge and can be used either as a formative or summarize assessment. However they can be very intimidating if the learner struggles with putting concepts into words. Historically exams were used as a means of summarize assessment, when regained cor rectly an exam is difficult to cheat and a good way to measure knowledge, the drawback however is that not everyone is suited to sitting exams.Nerves, environmental factors even the quality of sleep the night before could all affect the results. Another useful assessment tool is the learning journal (can be formative and summarize) used in part by the author. This informative method can be used by either learners or trainers. It reinforces learning points by listing, promotes creative thinking by asking learners/trainers to compile a tool kit of materials or ideas. It also allows reflection on learning and empowers learners to express any concerns they may have or what personal development needs they may aspire too.Limitations can include not having correct information to begin with, information must be needs to be factual and concise. Not everything can be documented/recorded. One of the major disadvantages of journals, logs and portfolios is the difficulty some students experience , through lack of familiarity and practice, with writing reflectively. The superficial accounts of events that can result from this have little educational alee – for either the assessor or the assessed student.Record keeping is the documentation of information imparted in regards of codes of conduct, over time they are the evidence of what the learner has achieved and will also show what other knowledge needs to be provided. Records are usually kept on paper files and/or electronically; Good, accurate records are important for teachers, learners, verifiers, training providers, and inspectors and for employers as they can keep a track on the individual's development and progress as well as in the teachers/college performance ND professionalism in delivering the subject.Additionally, it is a legal requirement to keep accurate and up to date records on learners as it serves as a clear channel for external, as well as internal, audits; providing accurate and up to date records i s to prove and account for the training/lesson effectiveness and the progress of learners or even special needs for other learners. An example is records of course/ lesson attendance will show up gaps in knowledge. Records should identify if further action is required and, if so, a record of the action should be completed. Assessment forms will operate in a similar way.

Addiction Models - 988 Words

Effective Components in Determining Substance Use Behavior Crystal Ramsey Liberty University Effective Components in Determining Substance Use Behavior Addiction is regarded as having a multitude of causations and contributing factors. No single specific component or model can accurately predict a person’s substance use behavior (Clinton amp; Scalise, 2013). Substance use disorders are a reflection of the impact of person-specific biological, psychological, and social influences. Understanding an individual’s spiritual beliefs and the role spirituality plays in a person’s susceptibility to addiction is also necessary. If a spirituality component is absent in a persons life, addiction could fill that void (Doweiko, 2015). Substance†¦show more content†¦Social The social model of addiction tries to recognize and repair systematic problems within society that could impact a person’s choice about substance use (Doweiko, 2015). Cultural, environmental, and family components of a person’s life are all a part of the social model. These influences can either enable the development of addiction or increase resistance against addiction. For instance, in distinct cultures and environments, the manufacture, sale, and distribution of illicit drugs are considered as acceptable behaviors for a person to prosper and gain respect (Doweiko, 2015). Social aspects such as poverty, community immersion, unemployment, and family structure either influence or guard the person from substance abuse. Identification of adverse social influences so that these concerns can be attended to will decrease the probability of the individual relapsing or the continued abuse of substances (Doweiko, 2015). Disease of the Human Spirit Disease of the human spirit does fit within the bio/psycho/social models. The spiritual model of addiction indicates that substance use and abuse is the result of a spiritual weakness within the person. Every addiction is a disease of the spirit (Doweiko, 2015). People that have a deeper involvement with the church have a decreased risk of developing an addiction. Spiritual development includes the acknowledgment of the pain and sufferingShow MoreRelatedModels of Addiction Essay822 Words   |  4 PagesModels of Addiction SUBS 505 Models of Addiction The three models of addiction examined in this week’s readings include the medical model, the psychosocial model, and the disease of the human spirit model. The medical model â€Å"rests on the assumption that disease states are the result of a biological dysfunction, possibly one on the cellular or even molecular level† (Doweiko, 2012, p. 333). Many consider this model and â€Å"maintain that much of human behavior is based on the interaction between theRead MoreAddiction : The Moral Model Of Addiction Essay2483 Words   |  10 Pagesdoes the disease model of addiction differ from the moral model of addiction? The disease model of addiction and the moral model of addiction provide completely different explanation for the tendency of substance abuse. The disease model of addiction predates to 1784 when the American physician Benjamin Rush published a pamphlet which discussed alcoholism in medical terms and outlined treatments for what he considered was a â€Å"disease† (Atkins, 2014, p. 52). This model of addiction generally arguesRead MoreThe Moral Model Of Addiction2309 Words   |  10 Pagesgreater understanding in the area of causality may produce more effective interventions at earlier stages of drug misuse. Definition addiction/dependence, lots of theories this paper will provide a brief overview of the main theories of addiction in view to their relevance within treatment and recovery issues which will be discussed in later sections. There are many models and theories which attempt to explain the causes of substance misuse and dependence. They range from those which highlight the importanceRead More The Etiology of Addiction Disease Model Essay examples1522 Words   |  7 PagesAddiction is like all behaviours â€Å"the business of the brain†. Addictions are compulsive physical and psychological needs from habit-forming sustenances like nicotine, alcohol, and drugs. Being occupied with or involved in such activities, leads a person who uses them again and again to become tolerant and dependent eventually experiencing withdrawal. (Molintas, 2006). Addictive drugs cause dopamine neurons to release dopamine, the pleasure hormone. The narcotics disable the neurons that wouldRead MoreThe Medical Model Of Addiction1413 Words   |  6 Pages Drug and Alcohol Treatment in America has been based on the Medical Model of Treatment. According to Wikipedia, the medical model of addiction is rooted in the philosophy that addiction is a disease and has biological, neurological, genetic, and environmental sources of origin. Treatment includes potential detox with a 28 day or more stay at a residential treatment facility. The continuum of care can include an additional 28 days at the partial hospitalization level, followed by another 6 weeksRead MoreAn Effective Model Of Addiction Rehabilitation996 Words   |  4 PagesAlthough the BPS model had been adopted by many professionals and has gained much support as an effective model of addiction rehabilitation, there are still aspects that leave room for the possibility of improvement. The model is based on the idea that many factors can play an equal role in contributing to a disease. Some have criticized the model due to the fact that some diseases involve few psychological or so cial factors. Although this is rarely the case for addiction counseling, some still believeRead MoreA Comparison of Psychoanalytic Formulations of Addiction and Cognitive Models of Addiction666 Words   |  3 PagesIn this paper I will be comparing and contrasting the Psychoanalytic formulations of addiction and the Cognitive models of addiction. According to Dennis L. Thombs, â€Å"people tend to get psychoanalysis and psychotherapy mixed up. Psychotherapy is a more general term describing professional services aimed at helping individuals or groups overcome emotional, behavioral or relationship problem† (119). According to Thombs and Osborn, â€Å"Cognitive refers to the covert mental process that are described byRead MoreAddiction : A Serious Problem Essay1559 Words   |  7 PagesAddiction is a very serious problem in today’s society. It is the goal of counselors to help those who suffer from addictions. There are many different models that attempt to explain wh at addiction is, and how someone gets addicted. There many different views about addiction. â€Å"Historically addiction has been understood in various ways- a sin, a disease, a bad habit-each a reflection of a variety of social, cultural and scientific conceptions(Hammer et al., 2012 p. 713). While there are many differentRead MoreThe Role Of Celebrities And Youth Exist1296 Words   |  6 PagesThe idea of having a role model is something society loves to champion. Kids should have role models, and adults should strive to be worthy of such a duty. Kids that don’t grow up with strong role models and mentors are almost expected to fail; without footsteps to follow exactly, kids are incapable of, or at least unlikely to, achieve anything worth of substance. In the same breath, people advocating the importance of role models condemn the expansion of celebrity in today’s society, claiming thatRead More How Media Influences Women Essay example1074 Words   |  5 Pageslo ose weight. Media presents images that tell woman and girls that acceptance means being unnaturally thin. The average fashion model, whose image we are bombarded with, weighs twenty-three percent less than the average American woman. Twenty years ago, the average fashion model weighed only eight percent less. Only five percent of all women are born with the ideal fashion model body, which of course leaves the other ninety-five percent inundated with images of only the five- percent ideal type body.